{"id":555,"date":"2019-02-21T15:29:20","date_gmt":"2019-02-21T10:29:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yourrightdecision.com\/blog\/?p=555"},"modified":"2023-03-14T17:00:40","modified_gmt":"2023-03-14T12:00:40","slug":"apa-referencing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yourrightdecision.com\/blog\/apa-referencing\/","title":{"rendered":"APA Referencing"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>When you write a research paper, journal article, dissertation, or thesis, you will frequently need to refer to other scholarly works and academic literature. While doing so, you should give due credit to the researchers and authors of their creative and original work. In-text citations and reference lists are used in the academic papers to accomplish this objective.<\/p>\n<p>One of the most widely used styles of referencing is known as APA (American Psychological Association) formatting. It is the referencing style recommended by\u00a0the American Psychological Association. The formatting rules are detailed in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.apastyle.org\/manual\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association<\/a>. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.apastyle.org\/products\/4200067\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">hard copy of the publication manual<\/a> has a list price of\u00a0$39.95 and eBook can also be purchased from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vitalsource.com\/products\/publication-manual-of-the-american-psychological-american-psychological-v9781433813757\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">VitalSource<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/redshelf.com\/book\/797951\/publication-manual-of-the-american-psychological-association-797951-9781433805622-american-psychological-association\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">RedShelf<\/a>. The current edition of APA Style is the Sixth Edition.<\/p>\n<p>There are numerous details and explanations presented in the manual and I will limit the discussion to the basic features that will get you started.<\/p>\n<p>Open a Microsoft Word blank document, and write a sample sentence,\u00a0<em>I am learning formatting styles for research. <\/em>You will notice that the default font is Calibri and the font size is 11 points. Do as follows:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Select All<\/strong> (Ctrl + A)<\/li>\n<li>Select <strong>Times New Roman<\/strong> from the font names, and set the font size to <strong>12<\/strong> points<\/li>\n<li>Keep the sample sentence selected, click the arrow next to the <strong>Paragraph<\/strong> group on the <strong>Home<\/strong> tab to open the\u00a0<strong>Paragraph<\/strong> dialogue box<\/li>\n<li>In the\u00a0<strong>Spacing\u00a0<\/strong>section, enter\u00a0<strong>0 pt\u00a0<\/strong>for\u00a0<strong>Before<\/strong> and\u00a0<strong>0 pt\u00a0<\/strong>for\u00a0<strong>After<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>In the\u00a0<strong>Line spacing<\/strong> section, select\u00a0<strong>Double<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Select the second tab\u00a0<strong>Line and Page Breaks<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Clear the checkmark for\u00a0<strong>Window\/Orphan<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>control<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Click\u00a0<strong>OK<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Now you have set the necessary formatting. In the\u00a0<strong>Styles<\/strong> group on the\u00a0<strong>Home\u00a0<\/strong>tab, you will see that\u00a0<strong>Normal\u00a0<\/strong>style is selected. Right-click\u00a0<strong>Normal\u00a0<\/strong>and select\u00a0<strong>Update Normal to Match Selection\u00a0<\/strong>as shown below:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.yourrightdecision.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/101.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-557 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/www.yourrightdecision.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/101-1024x353.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"688\" height=\"237\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.yourrightdecision.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/101-1024x353.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.yourrightdecision.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/101-300x104.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.yourrightdecision.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/101-768x265.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.yourrightdecision.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/101.jpg 1130w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 688px) 100vw, 688px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Now you need to set the formatting for headings. Heading 1 in APA is centered and bold. Heading 2 is left-aligned and bold. Heading 3 is First line 0.5&#8243; indented and bold. Implement this formatting as follows:<\/p>\n<p>Type the following three lines:<\/p>\n<p>This is My Heading 1<\/p>\n<p>This is My Heading 2<\/p>\n<p>This is My Heading 3<\/p>\n<p>Select This is My Heading 1, click\u00a0<strong>B\u00a0<\/strong>(Bold) and\u00a0<strong>Center<\/strong>.\u00a0In the\u00a0<strong>Styles<\/strong> group on the\u00a0<strong>Home\u00a0<\/strong>tab, right-click\u00a0<strong>Heading 1\u00a0<\/strong>and select\u00a0<strong>Update Heading 1 to Match Selection\u00a0<\/strong>as shown below:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.yourrightdecision.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/102.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-564 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/www.yourrightdecision.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/102-1024x417.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"688\" height=\"280\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.yourrightdecision.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/102-1024x417.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.yourrightdecision.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/102-300x122.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.yourrightdecision.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/102-768x313.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.yourrightdecision.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/102.jpg 1100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 688px) 100vw, 688px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Select This is My Heading 2 and click\u00a0<strong>B\u00a0<\/strong>(Bold).\u00a0In the\u00a0<strong>Styles<\/strong> group on the\u00a0<strong>Home\u00a0<\/strong>tab, right-click\u00a0<strong>Heading 2\u00a0<\/strong>and select\u00a0<strong>Update Heading 2 to Match Selection\u00a0<\/strong>as shown below:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.yourrightdecision.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/103.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-565 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/www.yourrightdecision.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/103-1024x385.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"688\" height=\"259\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.yourrightdecision.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/103-1024x385.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.yourrightdecision.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/103-300x113.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.yourrightdecision.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/103-768x289.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.yourrightdecision.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/103.jpg 1106w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 688px) 100vw, 688px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Select This is My Heading 3 and click\u00a0<strong>B\u00a0<\/strong>(Bold). C<span style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.125rem;\">lick the arrow next to the <\/span><strong style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.125rem;\">Paragraph<\/strong><span style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.125rem;\"> group on the <\/span><strong style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.125rem;\">Home<\/strong><span style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.125rem;\"> tab to open the\u00a0<\/span><strong style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.125rem;\">Paragraph<\/strong><span style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.125rem;\"> dialogue box. In the\u00a0<strong>Indentation\u00a0<\/strong>section, select\u00a0<strong>First line<\/strong> by\u00a0<strong>0.5&#8243;<\/strong> as shown below:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.yourrightdecision.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/104.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-566 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.yourrightdecision.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/104.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"412\" height=\"544\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.yourrightdecision.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/104.jpg 412w, https:\/\/www.yourrightdecision.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/104-227x300.jpg 227w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 412px) 100vw, 412px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>In the\u00a0<strong>Styles<\/strong> group on the\u00a0<strong>Home\u00a0<\/strong>tab, right-click\u00a0<strong>Heading 3\u00a0<\/strong>and select\u00a0<strong>Update Heading 3 to Match Selection\u00a0<\/strong>as shown below:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.yourrightdecision.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/105.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-567 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/www.yourrightdecision.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/105-1024x387.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"688\" height=\"260\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.yourrightdecision.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/105-1024x387.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.yourrightdecision.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/105-300x113.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.yourrightdecision.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/105-768x290.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.yourrightdecision.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/105.jpg 1102w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 688px) 100vw, 688px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Now your document is well-formatted to follow the APA style. The next thing you need to know is how to do in-text citations and type the references in the Reference List. The works that are cited most frequently include journal articles, books, websites, and dissertations\/theses. Their syntax and format are as follows:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Journal Article:<\/strong><br \/>\nAuthor, A. A., Author, B. B., &amp; Author, C. C. (Year). Name of journal article. <em>Name of Journal, volume number<\/em>(issue number), pages.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><em>Reference:<\/em><\/span><br \/>\nZagona, A. L., Kurth, J. A., &amp; MacFarland, S. Z. (2017). Teachers\u2019 views of their preparation for inclusive education and collaboration. <em>Teacher Education and Special Education, 40<\/em>(3), 163-178.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><em>In-text Citation:<\/em><\/span><br \/>\n(Zagona, Kurth, &amp; MacFarland, 2017)<br \/>\nZagona, Kurth, and MacFarland (2017) describe that &#8230;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Book:<\/strong><br \/>\nAuthor, A. A., &amp; Author, B. B. (Year). <em>Title of book<\/em>. Location: Publisher.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><em>Reference:<\/em><\/span><br \/>\nBailey, C., Mankin, D., Kelliher, C., &amp; Garavan, T. (2018). <em>Strategic human resource management<\/em>. Oxford: Oxford University Press.<br \/>\nCreswell, J. W. (2009). <em>Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches<\/em> (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><em>In-text Citation:<\/em><\/span><br \/>\n(Bailey, Mankin, Kelliher, &amp; Garavan, 2018)<br \/>\nBailey, Mankin, Kelliher, and Garavan (2018) highlight that &#8230;<\/p>\n<p>You may find it challenging to write the location of the publisher. It is because if you copy the citation from Google Scholar, it will not show publisher for the book. Below, I have listed the location for some of the most cited publishers:<\/p>\n<p>Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.<\/p>\n<p>Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.<\/p>\n<p>London: Blackwell.<\/p>\n<p>Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.<\/p>\n<p>Florida: CRC Press.<\/p>\n<p>Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.<\/p>\n<p>New York, NY: <span class=\"il\">John<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"il\">Wiley<\/span>\u00a0&amp; Sons.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"il\">New Jersey, NJ: John<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"il\">Wiley<\/span> &amp; Son,<\/p>\n<p>Milton, QLD:\u00a0<span class=\"il\">John<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"il\">Wiley<\/span>\u00a0&amp; Sons Australia.<\/p>\n<p>London: Kogan Page.<\/p>\n<p>London: MacMillan<\/p>\n<p>Maidenhead: Open University Press.<\/p>\n<p>Oxford: Oxford University Press.<\/p>\n<p>New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.<\/p>\n<p>Harlow: Pearson.<\/p>\n<p>Cambridge,\u00a0Polity Press.<\/p>\n<p>Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.<\/p>\n<p>Abingdon: Routledge.<\/p>\n<p>Thousand Oaks: Sage,<\/p>\n<p>London: Sage.<\/p>\n<div class=\"yj6qo\">Cham: Springer International Publishing.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>Berlin, Germany: Springer.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>London: Sweet &amp; Maxwell.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>Melbourne: Thomson Reuters (Professional) Australia Limited.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>Connecticut: Yale University Press.<\/div>\n<p><strong>Website:<\/strong><br \/>\nAuthor, A. A., &amp; Author B. B. (Year, Month Date Published). <em>Title of page<\/em>. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.someaddress.com\/full\/url<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><em>Reference:<\/em><\/span><br \/>\nRoubini, N. (2019, February 8). <em>Risk of global recession may be low but we are heading for slowdown.\u00a0<\/em>Retrieved from\u00a0https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/business\/2019\/feb\/08\/risk-of-global-recession-may-be-low-but-we-are-heading-for-slowdown<br \/>\nPorter, M. E., &amp; Kramer, M. R. (2006). <em>Strategy and society: The link between competitive advantage and corporate social responsibility<\/em>. Retrieved March 13, 2019, from https:\/\/hbr.org\/2006\/12\/strategy-and-society-the-link-between-competitive-advantage-and-corporate-social-responsibility<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><em>In-text Citation:<\/em><\/span><br \/>\n(Roubini, 2019)<br \/>\nRoubini (2019) argues that &#8230;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Thesis\/Dissertation:<\/strong><br \/>\nAuthor, A. A., &amp; Author, B. B. (Year).\u00a0<em>Title<\/em>\u00a0(Doctoral dissertation or Master\u2019s thesis). Retrieved from database name. (Accession or Order No.)<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><em>Reference:<\/em><\/span><br \/>\nLi, L. (2017). <em>Financial inclusion: Progress motivations and impact <\/em>(Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from University of Groningen Research Portal. (File No.\u00a043737604).<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><em>In-text Citation:<\/em><\/span><br \/>\n(Li, 2017)<br \/>\nLi (2017) asserts that &#8230;<\/p>\n<p>With this information and basic understanding, you are all set to begin writing your research paper, thesis, dissertation, and journal article. Good luck and all the best \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>When you write a research paper, journal article, dissertation, or thesis, you will frequently need to refer to other scholarly&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-555","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-reference"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>APA Referencing - Your Right Decision Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.yourrightdecision.com\/blog\/apa-referencing\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"APA Referencing - 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